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Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Overview
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Overview
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

Long-patch Base Excision Repair

Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Atomic Force Microscopy Investigations of DNA Lesion Recognition in Nucleotide Excision Repair
10:59

Atomic Force Microscopy Investigations of DNA Lesion Recognition in Nucleotide Excision Repair

Published on: May 24, 2017

Nucleotide excision repair in eukaryotes.

Orlando D Schärer1

  • 1Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11974-3400.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
|October 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) removes bulky DNA damage in mammals. Recent studies reveal NER

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is crucial for removing DNA lesions from UV radiation, mutagens, and chemotherapy.
  • Defects in NER are linked to xeroderma pigmentosum, a disorder causing extreme sun sensitivity and high skin cancer risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a detailed overview of the NER pathway.
  • To highlight recent advancements in understanding NER mechanisms, chromatin interactions, and connections to other cellular processes.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical studies
  • Structural analyses
  • Cell biological experiments
  • Genetic studies

Main Results:

  • Elucidation of the core NER reaction and involved factors.
  • Detailed insights into NER's operation within chromatin.
  • Understanding NER's integration with DNA damage signaling and transcription.

Conclusions:

  • Recent research has significantly advanced the understanding of the NER pathway.
  • NER is a complex process intricately linked with chromatin regulation and cellular signaling.