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MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass. One common type of ionization, known as electron ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave behind a...

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...

Mass Spectrometers

Mass Spectrometers

This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:

High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)

High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)

The resolution of a mass spectrometer depends on the efficiency of separating ions with different ion masses. The mass of an atom is approximated to the sum of the masses of protons and neutrons inside, considering the masses of protons and neutrons as equal. However, the masses of the proton (1.6726 × 10−24 g) and neutron (1.6749 × 10−24 g) are not truly equal. There is a minor error in the expression of atomic masses relative to the simplest atom of hydrogen. For example, the mass of helium...

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization (IR-MALDESI)

Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization (IR-MALDESI)

Published on: March 24, 2016

OpenMSI: a high-performance web-based platform for mass spectrometry imaging.

Oliver Rübel¹, Annette Greiner, Shreyas Cholia

¹Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, United States.

Analytical Chemistry

|October 4, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

OpenMSI provides a new file format and Web API to overcome challenges in mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) data management. This enables efficient data access, sharing, and analysis for researchers, accelerating scientific discovery.

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Sample Preparation Strategies for Mass Spectrometry Imaging of 3D Cell Culture Models

Sample Preparation Strategies for Mass Spectrometry Imaging of 3D Cell Culture Models

Published on: December 5, 2014

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Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization (IR-MALDESI)

Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization (IR-MALDESI)

Published on: March 24, 2016

Sample Preparation Strategies for Mass Spectrometry Imaging of 3D Cell Culture Models

Sample Preparation Strategies for Mass Spectrometry Imaging of 3D Cell Culture Models

Published on: December 5, 2014

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Data Science
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) allows direct molecular analysis within biological samples.
Current MSI data handling faces significant challenges in access, management, and analysis.
Existing file formats and software often lead to information loss during data sharing.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce OpenMSI, a software framework and platform designed to address MSI data challenges.
To present an advanced, high-performance, extensible file format for MSI data.
To provide a Web API for remote data access and high-performance computing.

Main Methods:

Developed a self-describing file format based on HDF5 for storing raw MSI data, metadata, and analyses.
Optimized storage layout using chunking, compression, and data replication for rapid I/O.
Implemented a Web API for remote data access, sharing, and analysis.

Main Results:

The OpenMSI file format demonstrated over a 2000-fold improvement in image access speed.
Spectrum and image retrieval achieved in under 0.3 seconds, even for large 50 GB datasets.
The Web API facilitates seamless access to remote MSI data and analysis results.

Conclusions:

OpenMSI effectively resolves critical challenges in MSI data accessibility and management.
The framework enables efficient data sharing, collaboration, and high-performance analysis.
OpenMSI accelerates scientific discovery by streamlining the MSI data workflow.