Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved in...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin01:08

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin

All atomic particles possess an intrinsic angular momentum, or 'spin'. Electrons, protons, and neutrons each have a spin value of ½, although protons and neutrons in nuclei may have higher half-integer spins owing to energetic factors.
Atomic nuclei have a net nuclear spin, , which can have an integer or half-integer value. In atomic nuclei, the spins of protons are paired against each other but not with neutrons, and vice versa. Consequently, an even number of protons does not contribute to...
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns01:13

¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns

When protons A and X are coupled, their nuclear spin energy levels are slightly modified. This is because the energy required to excite proton A to a spin state parallel to proton X is slightly different from the energy required for it to become anti-parallel to spin X. Consequently, there are two possible excitation frequencies for A (A1 and A2), depending on the spin state of X, and vice versa. The mutual nature of coupling implies that the difference between frequencies A1 and A2, indicated...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Identification of Prompt Proton Emission in N=Z-1 ^{61}Ga: Isospin Symmetry at the Limit of Nuclear Binding.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Fragmentation of the Giant Pairing Vibration in ^{14}C Induced by Many-Body Processes.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Evidence of a Near-Threshold Resonance in ^{11}B Relevant to the β-Delayed Proton Emission of ^{11}Be.

Physical review letters·2022
Same author

Microscopic Structure of the Low-Energy Electric Dipole Response of ^{120}Sn.

Physical review letters·2021
Same author

Accessing the Single-Particle Structure of the Pygmy Dipole Resonance in ^{208}Pb.

Physical review letters·2020
Same author

Erratum: Direct Observation of Proton Emission in ^{11}Be [Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 082501 (2019)].

Physical review letters·2020
Same journal

Classification and correlation signatures of chiral spin liquids on the pyrochlore lattice.

Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)·2026
Same journal

Physical sampling for computational photography.

Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)·2026
Same journal

A comprehensive review on master stability functions in complex network dynamics.

Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)·2026
Same journal

Switchable band alignment in 2D-perovskite/WS<sub>2</sub>heterostructures for tunable exciton transport and valley polarization.

Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)·2026
Same journal

Chiral graviton modes in fermionic Fractional Chern Insulators.

Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)·2026
Same journal

Bound states in the continuum in plasmonic structures.

Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport
12:13

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport

Published on: June 9, 2010

Cooper pair transfer in nuclei.

G Potel1, A Idini, F Barranco

  • 1CEA-Saclay, IRFU/Service de Physique Nucléaire, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

Reports on Progress in Physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)
|October 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study validates a method for analyzing two-particle transfer reactions, demonstrating its effectiveness in quantifying nuclear pairing correlations across the entire mass table.

More Related Videos

Probing The Structure And Dynamics Of Nucleosomes Using Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging
09:52

Probing The Structure And Dynamics Of Nucleosomes Using Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging

Published on: January 31, 2019

Examination of Mitotic and Meiotic Fission Yeast Nuclear Dynamics by Fluorescence Live-cell Microscopy
12:04

Examination of Mitotic and Meiotic Fission Yeast Nuclear Dynamics by Fluorescence Live-cell Microscopy

Published on: June 24, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport
12:13

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport

Published on: June 9, 2010

Probing The Structure And Dynamics Of Nucleosomes Using Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging
09:52

Probing The Structure And Dynamics Of Nucleosomes Using Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging

Published on: January 31, 2019

Examination of Mitotic and Meiotic Fission Yeast Nuclear Dynamics by Fluorescence Live-cell Microscopy
12:04

Examination of Mitotic and Meiotic Fission Yeast Nuclear Dynamics by Fluorescence Live-cell Microscopy

Published on: June 24, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Direct nuclear reactions are crucial for understanding nuclear structure.
  • Two-particle transfer reactions provide insights into nucleon-nucleon correlations, particularly pairing.
  • Accurate theoretical models are needed to interpret experimental data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the quantitative reliability of the second-order distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) for two-particle transfer reactions.
  • To assess the model's ability to probe nuclear pairing correlations.
  • To validate the approach across a wide range of nuclei.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of the second-order distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA).
  • Inclusion of both simultaneous and successive transfer mechanisms.
  • Correction for non-orthogonality effects in the theoretical framework.
  • Comparison of theoretical predictions with experimental data using controlled nuclear structure and reaction inputs.

Main Results:

  • The second-order DWBA model accurately reproduces experimental data for two-particle transfer reactions across the entire nuclear mass table.
  • The model demonstrates quantitative agreement with data when using reliable nuclear structure and reaction inputs.
  • The calculations highlight the sensitivity of the reaction mechanism to nuclear pairing correlations.

Conclusions:

  • The validated second-order DWBA approach serves as a quantitative tool for investigating nuclear pairing correlations.
  • This method provides a reliable means to extract information about pairing from direct reaction data.
  • The study confirms the importance of accounting for non-orthogonality effects in theoretical descriptions.