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Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such as Proteus,...

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial infections,...

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Updated: May 7, 2026

Analysis of the Epithelial Damage Produced by Entamoeba histolytica Infection

Analysis of the Epithelial Damage Produced by Entamoeba histolytica Infection

Published on: June 12, 2014

[An update on amebiasis].

Leonor Chacín-Bonilla¹

¹Postgrado de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela.

Revista Medica De Chile

|October 4, 2013

Summary

Amebiasis diagnosis and management are impacted by Entamoeba dispar and Entamoeba moshkovskii. Advanced diagnostics like PCR are crucial but challenging in resource-limited settings.

Area of Science:

Medical Parasitology
Infectious Diseases Epidemiology

Context:

Amebiasis, caused by Entamoeba species, presents a spectrum from asymptomatic colonization to severe disease.
Distinguishing between Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, and Entamoeba moshkovskii is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Host, parasite, and environmental factors influence amebiasis susceptibility and disease progression.

Purpose:

To review recent advancements in amebiasis, focusing on clinical aspects and infection management.
To discuss the epidemiological significance of Entamoeba dispar and Entamoeba moshkovskii.
To evaluate current diagnostic techniques and their applicability in different healthcare settings.

Summary:

Identification of Entamoeba histolytica relies on antigen and DNA detection.

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Discovery of New Intracellular Pathogens by Amoebal Coculture and Amoebal Enrichment Approaches

Discovery of New Intracellular Pathogens by Amoebal Coculture and Amoebal Enrichment Approaches

Published on: October 27, 2013

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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Analysis of the Epithelial Damage Produced by Entamoeba histolytica Infection

Analysis of the Epithelial Damage Produced by Entamoeba histolytica Infection

Published on: June 12, 2014

Discovery of New Intracellular Pathogens by Amoebal Coculture and Amoebal Enrichment Approaches

Discovery of New Intracellular Pathogens by Amoebal Coculture and Amoebal Enrichment Approaches

Published on: October 27, 2013

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the preferred method for differentiating Entamoeba species.

Combining serologic tests with PCR or ELISA offers optimal diagnostic accuracy but faces implementation challenges in developing countries.

Impact:

Improved understanding of amebiasis epidemiology and clinical presentation.
Highlights the need for accessible and accurate diagnostic tools for resource-limited areas.
Emphasizes adherence to World Health Organization guidelines for appropriate amebiasis treatment.