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Related Concept Videos

Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Integration of Synaptic Events01:28

Integration of Synaptic Events

Synaptic integration mainly includes the summation of graded potentials. Graded potentials, regardless of their type, cause subtle alterations in membrane voltage, resulting in either depolarization or hyperpolarization. These incremental changes, when combined or summed, can propel the neuron toward its threshold. Consider, for example, a membrane experiencing a +15 mV shift, causing it to depolarize from -70 mV to -55 mV. In this scenario, graded potentials govern the membrane's ability to...
Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...

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3D Modeling of Dendritic Spines with Synaptic Plasticity
07:13

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Published on: May 18, 2020

Heterosynaptic plasticity prevents runaway synaptic dynamics.

Jen-Yung Chen1, Peter Lonjers, Christopher Lee

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, and Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|October 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Conventional Hebbian plasticity can cause runaway synaptic weight dynamics. This study shows heterosynaptic plasticity stabilizes synaptic weights, preventing runaway effects and enabling new memory formation.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Conventional Hebbian plasticity, like spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), can lead to unstable synaptic weight dynamics.
  • Balancing potentiation and depression in STDP is challenging due to varied experimental findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate a novel form of plasticity that stabilizes synaptic weights.
  • Determine if heterosynaptic plasticity can prevent runaway synaptic dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Induced synaptic modifications in rat cortical slices via intracellular tetanization (postsynaptic spikes without presynaptic stimulation).
  • Developed a computational model incorporating both homosynaptic (STDP) and heterosynaptic plasticity.

Main Results:

  • Heterosynaptic plasticity, dependent on intracellular calcium, was induced in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons.
  • The model demonstrated that heterosynaptic plasticity effectively prevented runaway synaptic weight dynamics across various parameters.
  • Synaptic weights remained normally distributed and unsaturated, allowing for further plasticity.

Conclusions:

  • Heterosynaptic plasticity acts as a stabilizing mechanism against runaway synaptic dynamics.
  • The interaction between Hebbian and heterosynaptic plasticity maintains synaptic weight distributions.
  • This interaction ensures synapses remain unsaturated, supporting continuous learning and memory formation.