A WAO - ARIA - GA²LEN consensus document on molecular-based allergy diagnostics.

Area of Science:

• Allergy Diagnostics
• Immunology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Molecular-based allergy (MA) diagnostics analyzes allergen sensitization at a molecular level using purified allergenic molecules.
• Over 130 allergenic molecules are available for in vitro specific IgE (sIgE) testing, integrating MA diagnostics into routine care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a practical guide for clinicians on the indications, determination, and interpretation of MA diagnostics.
• To update allergists on the rapidly expanding evidence base for MA diagnosis.

Main Methods:

• Utilizes purified natural or recombinant allergenic molecules (allergen components) for in vitro specific IgE (sIgE) testing.
• Employs singleplex and multiplex measurement platforms, including the comprehensive Immuno-Solid phase Allergen Chip (ISAC) biochip technology.

Main Results:

• MA diagnostics improves allergy diagnosis accuracy and prognosis.
• It differentiates genuine from cross-reactive sensitization, assesses food allergy reaction severity, and identifies candidates for specific immunotherapy (SIT).

Conclusions:

• MA diagnostics offers increased accuracy in allergy diagnosis and prognosis.
• Future research should focus on large-scale studies, expanding molecular targets, and supporting test interpretation.
• Clinicians require updated information to effectively utilize MA diagnostics.