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Plasmodium vivax malaria complicated by splenic infarct.
Paediatrics and International Child Health
|October 5, 2013
Summary
This case study reports a rare splenic infarct complication in a child with Plasmodium vivax malaria. Prompt diagnosis and supportive care were crucial for recovery from this severe malaria presentation.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Pediatric Medicine
- Hematology
Background:
- Plasmodium vivax malaria can present with severe complications beyond typical symptoms.
- Childhood malaria requires vigilant monitoring for potential organ-specific damage.
- Acute renal failure and shock are known severe manifestations of malaria.
Observation:
- An 11-year-old girl diagnosed with Plasmodium vivax malaria developed shock and acute renal failure.
- During treatment, she experienced left hypochondrium pain, leading to imaging investigations.
- Ultrasonography and CT scans revealed multiple splenic infarcts.
Findings:
- The patient's malaria was confirmed by peripheral blood smear and rapid antigen testing.
- She responded well to parenteral artesunate and supportive medical management.
- Splenic infarcts were identified as a complication during her recovery phase.
Implications:
- This is the first reported case of splenic infarct complicating childhood Plasmodium vivax malaria in English literature.
- Clinicians should consider splenic complications in malaria patients presenting with specific abdominal and chest pain.
- Early recognition and investigation of splenic infarcts are vital for managing severe malaria cases in children.
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