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Related Concept Videos

Heterochromatin02:38

Heterochromatin

The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
Heterochromatin02:38

Heterochromatin

The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
10:28

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

Published on: September 20, 2018

A histone timer for zygotic genome activation.

Giorgia Siriaco1, John W Tamkun

  • 1Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.

Developmental Cell
|October 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Histone H1 variants regulate chromatin structure. The Drosophila histone H1 variant dBigH1 prevents premature zygotic genome activation in early embryogenesis, impacting development.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Histone H1 variants are crucial for organizing higher-order chromatin structure.
  • These variants are involved in various essential developmental processes.
  • Understanding the specific roles of each variant is key to deciphering developmental regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of the Drosophila histone H1 variant, dBigH1.
  • To determine the role of dBigH1 in early embryonic development.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which dBigH1 affects zygotic genome activation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism.
  • Employed genetic analysis to study the dBigH1 variant.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
10:28

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

Published on: September 20, 2018

  • Examined zygotic genome activation during early embryogenesis.

    • Main Results:

    • Pérez-Montero et al. provide evidence for the function of dBigH1.
    • The study demonstrates that dBigH1 actively prevents premature activation of the zygotic genome.
    • This regulation occurs during the critical early stages of embryogenesis.

    Conclusions:

    • The histone H1 variant dBigH1 plays a significant role in controlling gene expression timing.
    • dBigH1 acts as a repressor of early zygotic gene activation.
    • This function is vital for normal embryonic development in Drosophila.