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Shoulder apprehension impacts large-scale functional brain networks.

S Haller1, G Cunningham, A Laedermann

  • 1From the Departments of Imaging and Medical Informatics (S.H., J.H., K.-O.L.).

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology
|October 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Shoulder apprehension alters brain networks involved in motor control and anxiety. Visualizing apprehension movements specifically impacts functional connectivity in sensory-motor and prefrontal areas, suggesting a neurological basis for this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Shoulder apprehension involves anxiety and resistance in patients with anterior glenohumeral instability.
  • The origin of apprehension—true instability versus learned sensation—remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if visual apprehension stimuli modify brain networks related to motor resistance and anxiety.
  • To differentiate between neurological changes and structural alterations in shoulder apprehension.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 15 patients with shoulder apprehension and 10 healthy controls.
  • Multimodal MRI including functional connectivity, task-based fMRI, VBM (GM), and TBSS (WM).
  • Analysis of brain network changes during visual stimulation with apprehension videos versus control videos.

Main Results:

  • Patients showed increased functional connectivity in sensory-motor and prefrontal areas (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex).
  • Decreased anticorrelated functional connectivity was observed in visual and parietal areas.
  • No significant structural changes in gray matter (GM) or white matter (WM) were detected.

Conclusions:

  • Shoulder apprehension is associated with specific functional connectivity reorganization in brain regions governing motor resistance and anxiety.
  • These findings highlight the role of the primary sensory-motor area, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and limbic areas in shoulder apprehension.
  • The study suggests a neurological basis for shoulder apprehension, distinct from structural instability.