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Published on: April 27, 2014
Bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis: present and future treatment perspectives
1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital de São João, Porto, Portugal - paulodinisoliveira@gmail.com.
Summary
Bladder Pain Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis (BPS/IC) treatments are empirical due to unknown causes. Current options include specific oral drugs, intravesical therapies, and surgery, with future treatments focusing on targeted mechanisms and phenotyping.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Pain Management
- Immunology
Background:
- Bladder Pain Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis (BPS/IC) is a chronic, debilitating condition with unknown etiology.
- Current treatment strategies for BPS/IC are not well-defined and are under continuous investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing literature on BPS/IC treatments.
- To examine current evidence and future perspectives for BPS/IC management.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of PubMed publications in English.
- Emphasis on research from the last five years.
Main Results:
- Oral therapies like amitriptyline, pentosan polysulfate sodium, hydroxyzine, and cyclosporine A show efficacy.
- Intravesical dimethyl sulfoxide and resection of Hunner's lesions have reasonable evidence.
- Reconstructive surgery is an option for selected BPS/IC cases.
Conclusions:
- Further research into BPS/IC causes and mechanisms is crucial for developing effective treatments.
- Future therapies may involve nerve receptor blockade, immune modulation, and gene therapy.
- Identifying BPS/IC phenotypes is key for individualized treatment approaches.
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