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MitoCeption: Transferring Isolated Human MSC Mitochondria to Glioblastoma Stem Cells
Published on: February 22, 2017
Large oncosomes mediate intercellular transfer of functional microRNA
Matteo Morello1, Valentina R Minciacchi, Paola de Candia
1Cancer Biology Program; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; Los Angeles, CA USA.
Cell Cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)
|October 5, 2013
Summary
Large oncosomes, a type of extracellular vesicle (EV), can indicate metastatic prostate cancer. These large EVs transport molecules that influence the tumor microenvironment and cancer progression.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Prostate cancer cells release large extracellular vesicles (EVs) called large oncosomes.
- These EVs may influence the tumor microenvironment by transporting molecules.
- Large oncosomes may be detectable in circulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a method for isolating large oncosomes from human plasma.
- To investigate the role of large oncosomes in prostate cancer metastasis.
- To analyze miRNA content and functional effects of large oncosomes.
Main Methods:
- Developed a novel method for selective isolation of large oncosomes from platelet-poor plasma.
- Identified caveolin-1-positive large oncosomes in patients with metastatic disease.
- Performed miRNA array analysis on EVs from tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic prostate cells.
- Assessed the effect of large oncosomes on cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) migration.
Main Results:
- Caveolin-1-positive large oncosomes identified metastatic prostate cancer patients.
- Distinct miRNA classes were highly expressed in EVs from tumorigenic cells.
- Large oncosomes enhanced CAF migration, an effect amplified by miR-1227.
- miR-1227 was abundant in large oncosomes from RWPE-2 cells.
Conclusions:
- Large oncosomes in circulation can serve as biomarkers for metastatic prostate cancer.
- These EVs contain functional molecules that can condition the tumor microenvironment.
- Large oncosomes, particularly their miRNA cargo, play a role in cancer progression and CAF activation.
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