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Acute kidney injury in critically ill children: incidence and risk factors for mortality

Sandra Mariel Martin, Alejandro Balestracci, Valeria Aprea

    Archivos Argentinos De Pediatria
    |October 5, 2013
    PubMed

    Insights

    Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects 4.4% of critically ill children. The need for dialysis emerged as a significant independent risk factor for mortality in these vulnerable patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Intensive Care
    • Nephrology
    • Critical Care Medicine

    Background:

    • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication in critically ill children.
    • AKI is associated with increased mortality rates in pediatric intensive care units (ICUs).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the incidence of AKI in critically ill children.
    • To identify risk factors associated with mortality in pediatric ICU patients with AKI.

    Main Methods:

    • Prospective, observational study conducted in a pediatric ICU from 2005 to 2009.
    • Inclusion of all patients with AKI, excluding specific conditions like chronic renal failure and newborns.
    • Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify mortality risk factors.

    Main Results:

    • The incidence of AKI was 4.4% (66 out of 1496 patients).
    • The overall mortality rate among patients with AKI was 44%.
    • Anuria and the need for dialysis were significantly higher in deceased patients; dialysis was an independent predictor of mortality.

    Conclusions:

    • The incidence of acute kidney injury in critically ill children is 4.4%.
    • The need for dialysis is an independent predictor of mortality in this population.
    Abstract

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