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Related Concept Videos

Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and...
Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Gross Anatomy of Bone01:17

Gross Anatomy of Bone

The two main features of a long bone are the diaphysis and the epiphysis.
The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. The walls of the diaphysis are composed of dense and hard compact bone made of numerous osteons — the functional unit of the compact bone. The hollow region in the diaphysis is called the medullary cavity, which harbors the bone marrow. In infants and children, this marrow cavity is filled with red marrow, whereas in adults, it...

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Updated: May 7, 2026

Three-Dimensional Bone Extracellular Matrix Model for Osteosarcoma
08:07

Three-Dimensional Bone Extracellular Matrix Model for Osteosarcoma

Published on: April 12, 2019

Osteoid osteoma.

Petros J Boscainos, Gerard R Cousins, Rajiv Kulshreshtha

    Orthopedics
    |October 8, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Osteoid osteomas, benign bone tumors, typically resolve within 15 years but can be hastened by NSAIDs. Minimally invasive treatments like radiofrequency ablation offer faster symptom relief.

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    Analysis and Imaging of Osteocytes
    10:19

    Analysis and Imaging of Osteocytes

    Published on: November 29, 2024

    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedics
    • Radiology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Osteoid osteomas are benign bone tumors characterized by a central nidus and surrounding reactive sclerosis.
    • Variable clinical presentations necessitate a broad differential diagnosis for osteoid osteomas.
    • The natural course involves spontaneous regression over 6-15 years without intervention.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the diagnostic considerations and treatment options for osteoid osteomas.
    • To highlight the efficacy of pharmacologic and minimally invasive interventions.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of osteoid osteoma diagnosis and management.
    • Description of computed tomography-guided percutaneous techniques.

    Main Results:

    • Aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can accelerate regression to 2-3 years.
    • Minimally invasive procedures like radiofrequency ablation are effective treatment options.

    Conclusions:

    • Early diagnosis and targeted treatment can significantly shorten the symptomatic period of osteoid osteomas.
    • Percutaneous techniques offer effective and less invasive alternatives to traditional surgery.