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Updated: May 7, 2026

Force and Position Control in Humans - The Role of Augmented Feedback
06:31

Force and Position Control in Humans - The Role of Augmented Feedback

Published on: June 19, 2016

Human performance under two different command and control paradigms.

Guy H Walker1, Neville A Stanton2, Paul M Salmon3

  • 1Institute for Infrastructure and the Environment, School of the Built Environment, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.

Applied Ergonomics
|October 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Network Enabled Capability (NEC) research shows that while slightly slower, this new command and control concept optimizes task time, enemy neutralization, and attrition. The human element is key to adaptability in networked systems.

Keywords:
Command and controlSystem design and evaluationTime series analysis

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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

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Published on: June 19, 2016

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Published on: May 8, 2021

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Published on: January 19, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Military Science
  • Systems Engineering
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Traditional hierarchical command and control (C2) structures face challenges in complex operational environments.
  • Network Enabled Capability (NEC) offers a novel approach to C2, leveraging networked systems.
  • The paradoxical behavior of NEC necessitates a deeper understanding of its performance dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the performance of a traditional hierarchical C2 organization against a network-centric alternative (NEC).
  • To analyze the impact of NEC on key performance variables: task time, enemy neutralization, and attrition.
  • To explore the role of human adaptability within NEC frameworks.

Main Methods:

  • A controlled experiment pitting hierarchical C2 against NEC in a common task.
  • Thirty repeated trials involving two distinct teams.
  • Multiple regression analysis for time series analysis of performance data.

Main Results:

  • NEC was marginally slower than the hierarchical C2 in overall task completion time.
  • NEC demonstrated superior ability to balance and optimize task time, enemy neutralization, and attrition.
  • The study identified a trade-off between speed and comprehensive performance optimization.

Conclusions:

  • NEC should be viewed not as a fixed technological product but as a set of initial conditions.
  • Human interaction within NEC is not inherently stable but highly adaptable.
  • Harnessing human adaptability is crucial for maximizing the benefits of NEC and similar networked C2 concepts.