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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Three-dimensional Navigation-guided, Prone, Single-position, Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Technique
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Published on: July 15, 2021

Lumbar lordosis.

Ella Been1, Leonid Kalichman2

  • 1Physical Therapy Department, Zefat Academic College, Safed, Israel; Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society
|October 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lumbar lordosis measurement varies due to many factors. This review recommends a standardized method and presents population-specific normal values for the lumbar lordosis angle.

Keywords:
LordosisPostureSpinal measurementsSpinal pathologySpine

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Lumbar lordosis is a critical postural measure with clinical significance.
  • Current methods for measuring lumbar lordosis lack standardization, leading to inconsistencies.
  • Understanding factors influencing lumbar lordosis is essential for accurate assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review factors affecting lumbar lordosis measurements.
  • To determine normal lumbar lordosis values based on existing literature.
  • To recommend a standardized method for evaluating the lumbar lordosis angle.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of over 120 articles on lumbar lordosis measurement.
  • Analysis of factors influencing lumbar lordosis angle.
  • Compilation of normal lordosis values across different populations.

Main Results:

  • A standardized measurement protocol is recommended, suggesting standing with supported arms and 30° shoulder flexion for radiologic assessment.
  • Factors like age, gender, BMI, ethnicity, and sport influence the lumbar lordosis angle, complicating uniform normal value determination.
  • Normal lumbar lordosis values were presented for various demographic groups.
  • A positive association exists between lumbar lordosis angle and spondylolysis/isthmic spondylolisthesis, but not other degenerative spinal conditions.
  • Evidence linking lordosis to low back pain remains inconclusive.

Conclusions:

  • Standardizing lumbar lordosis measurement is crucial for clinical and research consistency.
  • Normal lumbar lordosis values are population-specific and influenced by individual characteristics.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the association between lumbar lordosis and low back pain, and to define the optimal lordotic range.