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Platelet-derived microparticle count and surface molecule expression differ between subjects with and without type 2

Xuguang Zhang1, Susan C McGeoch, Alexandra M Johnstone

  • 1Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, xuguangzhang@abdn.ac.uk.

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis
|October 8, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Type 2 diabetes, but not obesity alone, increases circulating platelet-derived microparticles (PMP). These PMP may play a role in the development of atherosclerosis and diabetes complications.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Microparticles (MP) are cell-derived vesicles implicated in various physiological and pathological processes.
  • Type 2 diabetes and obesity are major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, with complex interrelationships.
  • Understanding the specific contributions of MP in these conditions is crucial for elucidating disease mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of type 2 diabetes and obesity on microparticle concentrations.
  • To identify specific microparticle subtypes and activation markers associated with these conditions.
  • To explore the potential role of microparticles in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Compared concentrations of circulating microparticles (MP) from platelets (PMP), leukocytes (LMP), and monocytes (MMP) in 30 subjects across four cohorts: obese, type 2 diabetes, obese with type 2 diabetes, and controls.
  • Assessed specific activation markers on MP, including fibrinogen, tissue factor, and P-selectin.
  • Analyzed MP levels in relation to diabetes and obesity status.

Main Results:

  • Subjects with type 2 diabetes exhibited elevated total PMP concentrations (P=0.003).
  • Increased levels of fibrinogen-positive (P=0.04), tissue factor-positive (P<0.001), and P-selectin-positive (P=0.03) PMP were observed in type 2 diabetes.
  • Obesity alone did not significantly affect any measured MP parameters.
  • Elevated PMP concentrations were present in type 2 diabetes regardless of obesity status.

Conclusions:

  • Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased circulating platelet-derived microparticles (PMP), particularly activated PMP.
  • Obesity, in the absence of type 2 diabetes, does not appear to influence MP levels.
  • Elevated PMP in type 2 diabetes may indicate pathways contributing to atherosclerosis and disease progression.

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