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Related Concept Videos

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

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Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
788
Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
714
Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias01:28

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

735
Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
735
Dysrhythmias I: Introduction01:15

Dysrhythmias I: Introduction

732
Dysrhythmias refers to abnormalities in the heart's rhythm. They result from disruptions in the heart's electrical conduction system, which includes the sinoatrial(SA)node, atrioventricular(AV) node, the bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers.Definition and PathophysiologyDysrhythmias result from disorders of impulse formation, impulse conduction, or both. The heart contains specialized cells in the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, and the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers...
732
Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

428
Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
428
Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

2.8K
Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
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Supraventricular tachycardias in ion channel diseases.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Microelectrode Array Recording of Sinoatrial Node Firing Rate to Identify Intrinsic Cardiac Pacemaking Defects in Mice
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[Brugada syndrome].

Christian Wolpert1, Claudia Herrera-Siklody, Ulli Parade

  • 1Klinik für Innere Medizin, Kardiologie, Nephrologie und internistische Intensivmedizin, Klinikum Ludwigsburg, Posilipostraße 4, 71640, Ludwigsburg, Deutschland, christian.wolpert@klinikenlb.de.

Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie
|October 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Brugada syndrome, an ion channel disease, increases sudden cardiac death risk due to genetic repolarization issues and right ventricular conduction delays. Risk is highest in symptomatic patients with specific ECG changes and inducible ventricular fibrillation.

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Determining the Likelihood of Variant Pathogenicity Using Amino Acid-level Signal-to-Noise Analysis of Genetic Variation
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Electrophysiology

Context:

  • Brugada syndrome is a life-threatening ion channelopathy.
  • It is linked to an elevated risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD).
  • Pathogenesis involves genetic repolarization abnormalities and right ventricular epicardial conduction delay.

Purpose:

  • To summarize the current understanding of Brugada syndrome pathogenesis.
  • To identify high-risk patient groups.
  • To highlight recent consensus recommendations for diagnosis and management.

Summary:

  • The highest risk for SCD in Brugada syndrome patients is observed in those with prior syncope, resting ECG abnormalities, and inducible ventricular fibrillation.
  • Asymptomatic individuals with J-point elevations only after sodium channel blocker administration appear to have a lower risk.
  • Recent joint consensus recommendations provide updated guidelines for diagnosis, genetic testing, and therapy.

Impact:

  • Improved risk stratification for sudden cardiac death.
  • Guidance for clinical decision-making in Brugada syndrome management.
  • Facilitation of standardized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches based on latest evidence.