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Related Experiment Video

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Cellular fetal microchimerism in preeclampsia.

Hilary S Gammill1, Tessa M Aydelotte, Katherine A Guthrie

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Box 356460, Seattle, WA 98195-6460. hgammill@u.washington.edu.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|October 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Women with preeclampsia have significantly higher concentrations of cellular fetal microchimerism in their blood compared to healthy pregnancies. This finding suggests a potential link between fetal cell presence and preeclampsia development.

Keywords:
chimerismhypertensionmaternal–fetal exchangepreeclampsiapregnancy complications

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive immunology
  • Maternal-fetal medicine
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Previous research identified elevated cell-free fetal DNA and erythroblasts in preeclampsia pregnancies.
  • The presence and concentration of fetal mononuclear cells in maternal circulation during preeclampsia remained largely unquantified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify cellular fetal microchimerism in the maternal circulation of women with preeclampsia.
  • To compare the prevalence and concentration of fetal microchimerism in preeclampsia versus healthy pregnancies.

Main Methods:

  • Genotyping of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci (DRB1, DQA1, DQB1) and other polymorphisms in participants and family members.
  • Utilizing polymorphism-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to detect and quantify fetal microchimerism in maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Main Results:

  • Cellular fetal microchimerism was detected in 32% of preeclampsia samples versus 6% of control samples (odds ratio 4.0, P=0.007).
  • The concentration of fetal microchimerism was significantly higher in women with preeclampsia (mean 5.7 genome equivalents/100,000 maternal genomes) compared to controls (mean 0.3 genome equivalents/100,000 maternal genomes), P=0.002.

Conclusions:

  • Women with preeclampsia exhibit a higher frequency and concentration of cellular fetal microchimerism in their circulation.
  • The functional role and characteristics of these fetal cells in preeclampsia require further investigation.