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Pellagra in a child--a rare entity.

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Pellagra, a niacin deficiency disease, is rare in children. This case highlights rapid skin lesion resolution in an 11-year-old girl treated with Nicotinamide (vitamin B3).

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Dermatology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Pellagra, a condition resulting from niacin deficiency, is uncommon in pediatric populations.
  • While typically associated with alcoholism or malabsorption syndromes, pediatric pellagra is exceptionally rare.
  • This case focuses on a unique presentation of pellagra in a child.

Observation:

  • An 11-year-old girl presented with distinct, symmetrical skin lesions.
  • Lesions were characterized as hyperpigmented, hyperkeratotic, thick, and scaly plaques with surrounding erythema.
  • Affected areas included the hands, arms, feet, legs, and neck sides.

Findings:

  • The patient received a therapeutic dose of 100 mg of Nicotinamide.
  • Rapid and complete resolution of the characteristic skin lesions was observed post-treatment.
  • The child's overall condition improved significantly following nicotinamide administration.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering nutritional deficiencies, such as niacin deficiency, in pediatric dermatological presentations.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment with Nicotinamide can lead to rapid and effective recovery in pediatric pellagra.
  • Highlights the successful management of a rare childhood condition through targeted nutritional supplementation.