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Related Concept Videos

Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

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The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Live-cell Measurement of Odorant Receptor Activation Using a Real-time cAMP Assay
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Cell-based high-throughput odorant screening system through visualization on a microwell array.

Eun Hae Oh1, Seung Hwan Lee, Sang Hun Lee

  • 1Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul, National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|October 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a low-cost, miniaturized system for high-throughput screening of olfactory receptors (ORs). This novel platform enables efficient characterization of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and odorant responses using micro-electro-mechanical systems.

Keywords:
Odorant screeningOlfactory receptorPEG microwellReverse transfection

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), including olfactory receptors (ORs), are crucial for sensing stimuli but most remain uncharacterized.
  • Conventional methods for GPCR and OR characterization are laborious, time-consuming, and expensive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple, low-cost, miniaturized platform for high-throughput screening and characterization of olfactory receptors (ORs).
  • To enable efficient visualization and analysis of OR responses to odorants.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of polyethylene glycol (PEG) microwells using photocrosslinkable PEGDA.
  • Application of microwells as a cell culture and reverse transfection platform for OR gene expression.
  • Utilizing a cAMP response element (CRE) reporter assay for fluorescence-based detection of odorant response.

Main Results:

  • Successfully expressed various olfactory receptors simultaneously on the microwell platform using reverse transfection.
  • Demonstrated a functional odorant response detection system for de-orphaned ORs via fluorescence analysis.
  • Validated the platform's efficiency for high-throughput screening and patterning of GPCRs.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microwell platform offers a simple, efficient, and quantitative method for high-throughput screening of GPCRs, particularly ORs.
  • This technology significantly reduces the time and cost associated with characterizing olfactory receptors and their responses to odorants.
  • The platform facilitates the visualization of OR responses, aiding in the understanding of olfaction.