Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...

Vaccinations

Vaccinations

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Absence of Macrolide-Resistant Mutations in <i>Bordetella pertussis</i> in Antananarivo (Madagascar) and Cambodia During the Last Pertussis Cycle Before the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Open forum infectious diseases·2025

Same author

[Pertussis].

La Revue du praticien·2025

Same author

[Prevention and monitoring of pertussis].

La Revue du praticien·2025

Same author

Seroprevalence of Diphtheria in Antananarivo, Madagascar, and Cambodia.

Open forum infectious diseases·2025

Same author

How to improve pertussis vaccination in pregnancy: a European expert review.

Expert review of vaccines·2025

Same author

High circulation of pertussis in infants and close contacts in Antananarivo, the capital of Madagascar in Africa, and Cambodia in Asia.

BMC infectious diseases·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Published on: February 22, 2019

Bordetella pertussis: why is it still circulating?

¹Institut Pasteur, Molecular Prevention and Therapy of Human Diseases Unit, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), URA3012, France.

The Journal of Infection

|October 10, 2013

Summary

Despite vaccination, Bordetella pertussis (whooping cough) continues to circulate, posing risks to infants, pregnant women, and seniors. Understanding its history, vaccines, and surveillance is key to addressing this public health challenge.

Keywords:

Bordetella pertussis Diagnostic Vaccine Whooping cough

More Related Videos

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Published on: February 23, 2014

Experimental Human Pneumococcal Carriage

Experimental Human Pneumococcal Carriage

Published on: February 15, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Published on: February 22, 2019

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Published on: February 23, 2014

Experimental Human Pneumococcal Carriage

Experimental Human Pneumococcal Carriage

Published on: February 15, 2013

Area of Science:

Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Public Health

Background:

Bordetella pertussis causes whooping cough, a contagious respiratory illness particularly dangerous for infants.
Vaccination prevents pertussis, yet it persists as a global public health issue.
Factors contributing to ongoing circulation in developed and developing nations require examination.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the reasons behind the continued circulation of Bordetella pertussis.
To analyze the historical, epidemiological, and microbiological factors influencing pertussis prevalence.

Main Methods:

Review of historical disease data and vaccine development context.
Analysis of vaccination strategies, coverage rates, and post-vaccination surveillance.
Examination of etiological agent surveillance methods.

Main Results:

Pertussis remains a concern due to complex factors.
Vaccine type, coverage, and surveillance strategies impact disease control.
Ongoing circulation necessitates a multi-faceted approach.

Conclusions:

Understanding the history and evolution of pertussis is crucial.
Optimizing vaccination strategies and enhancing surveillance are vital.
Addressing Bordetella pertussis requires continuous monitoring and adaptation.