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Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control01:24

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Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
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Consider two sources of sound, that may or may not be in phase, emitting waves at a single frequency, and consider the frequencies to be the same.
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Updated: May 7, 2026

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Absolute phase measurement in fringe projection using multiple perspectives.

Y R Huddart, J D R Valera, N J Weston

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    |October 10, 2013
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    Summary

    This study introduces a new fringe projection technique for precise 3D shape measurement. It overcomes phase ambiguity for accurate surface reconstruction, enabling automated measurements.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Metrology
    • 3D Shape Measurement
    • Computer Vision

    Background:

    • Fringe projection profilometry is a widely used technique for 3D shape measurement.
    • Absolute phase measurement is crucial for accurate reconstruction but often suffers from 2π phase ambiguity.
    • Existing methods may require complex setups or multiple fringe patterns.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel technique for absolute phase measurement in fringe projection systems.
    • To resolve the 2π phase ambiguity in fringe projection for enhanced shape measurement accuracy.
    • To enable automatic shape measurement using a lightweight fringe projection probe.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizes a standard fringe projection system with a fixed camera and projector.
    • Moves the test object to different orientations relative to the system.
    • Employs system calibration parameters to identify homologous surface areas from multiple perspectives.
    • Simultaneously resolves the 2π phase ambiguity between different views.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully identifies homologous surface areas across different object orientations.
    • Achieves simultaneous resolution of 2π phase ambiguity.
    • Enables identification of phase map regions corresponding to discrete object surfaces.
    • Demonstrates suitability for automatic shape measurement.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented technique provides robust absolute phase measurement for fringe projection.
    • It effectively resolves phase ambiguity, improving 3D shape measurement accuracy.
    • The method is well-suited for automated metrology applications with mobile fringe projection probes.