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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Microscopy and Imaging

    Background:

    • Multi-foci generation is crucial for high-speed parallel direct laser writing, scanning microscopy, and optical tweezer arrays.
    • Existing methods suffer from reduced focus quality at higher resolutions due to interference effects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a spatial light modulator (SLM)-based method for generating highly uniform, diffraction-limited multi-foci.
    • To improve the quality and resolution of generated optical foci for advanced applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Modified a standard algorithm for calculating field distribution on a high numerical aperture objective's entrance pupil.
    • Utilized a spatial light modulator to split the focal volume into multiple spots at a 780 nm wavelength.
    • Compared the modified algorithm against a common algorithm using vectorial calculations and point-spread-function measurements.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved highly uniform, near-Gaussian spots with diffraction-limited resolution.
    • Demonstrated superior performance of the modified algorithm compared to a standard algorithm.
    • Verified that lateral and axial resolution limits are close to the diffraction limit.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed SLM-based method effectively overcomes interference limitations in multi-foci generation.
    • The modified algorithm provides a significant improvement in focus quality and resolution.
    • This technique offers a promising solution for high-resolution parallel optical processing and manipulation.