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A drug interaction occurs when the concurrent use of another drug, food, or an external substance alters the pharmacological activity of a drug. This interaction can modify the action of the original drug, affecting its effectiveness and safety.Drug–food interactions are significant as they impact drug absorption, metabolism, and excretion. For example, grapefruit juice is a well-known disruptor of drug metabolism. It inhibits the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme, crucial for the metabolism of...
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Drug interactions occur when the pharmacological effect of one drug is altered by another substance, either enhancing or diminishing its activity. The drug whose activity is altered is known as the object drug, and the substance causing the alteration is called the agent drug or the precipitant. The net effects of these interactions are mostly undesirable, leading to decreased effectiveness or increased adverse effects. In rare cases, interactions can be beneficial, such as the enhanced...
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When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
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Epistatic interactions and drug response.

Britta Weigelt1, Jorge S Reis-Filho

  • 1Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.

The Journal of Pathology
|October 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Cancer genomes are complex, with distinct genetic changes even in similar tumors. Understanding these genetic interactions is key for developing targeted cancer therapies and advancing precision medicine.

Keywords:
epistasisgenetic interactiongenotypemassively parallel sequencingmutationprecision medicinetargeted therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Massively parallel sequencing has revealed significant complexity in cancer genomes.
  • Tumors from the same site or subtype exhibit unique somatic genetic aberrations.
  • Epistatic interactions between genetic aberrations influence tumorigenesis, progression, and treatment response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the challenges of complex tumor genomes and epistatic interactions.
  • To explore approaches for utilizing cancer genetic data for precision medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on cancer genomics and genetic interactions.
  • Analysis of challenges in interpreting complex genomic data.
  • Discussion of strategies for precision medicine implementation.

Main Results:

  • Cancer genomes are highly complex and heterogeneous.
  • Epistatic interactions are crucial in cancer development and treatment.
  • Harnessing genetic data is essential for personalized cancer care.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing genomic complexity and epistatic interactions is vital for advancing cancer treatment.
  • Precision medicine requires a comprehensive understanding of tumor genetics.
  • Future strategies should focus on integrating multi-omic data for improved patient outcomes.