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Cytotoxic Compounds from Brucea mollis.

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Ten compounds were isolated from Brucea mollis, with isobruceine B showing significant cytotoxic activity against multiple cancer cell lines. New compounds were also identified within the Brucea genus.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Natural Product Chemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

  • Brucea mollis is a plant species with potential medicinal properties.
  • Natural products are a rich source of anticancer agents.
  • Cytotoxicity studies are crucial for identifying novel cancer therapeutics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize compounds from Brucea mollis.
  • To evaluate the cytotoxic potential of isolated compounds against various human cancer cell lines.
  • To identify novel compounds within the Brucea genus.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of ten compounds from leaves, stems, and roots of Brucea mollis.
  • Structure elucidation using one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
  • In vitro cytotoxic activity assay against KB, LU-1, LNCaP, and HL-60 cancer cell lines.

Main Results:

  • Ten compounds were identified: soulameanone (1), isobruceine B (2), 9-methoxy-canthin-6-one (3), bruceolline F (4), niloticine (5), octatriacontan-1-ol (6), bombiprenone (7), α-tocopherol (8), inosine (9), and apigenin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10).
  • Isobrucine B (2) exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against all tested cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.23 to 0.40 μg/mL.
  • Compounds 9-methoxycanthin-6-one (3) and niloticine (5) demonstrated significant cytotoxicity (IC50 values 1-4 μg/mL) and were reported for the first time in the Brucea genus.

Conclusions:

  • Brucea mollis is a source of bioactive compounds with significant cytotoxic potential.
  • Isobrucine B is a promising candidate for further anticancer drug development.
  • The discovery of 9-methoxycanthin-6-one and niloticine expands the known chemical diversity of the Brucea genus.