Intravenous therapy in older patients.

Area of Science:

• Nursing
• Vascular Access
• Geriatric Care

Background:

• Intravenous (IV) therapy is a common medical procedure across diverse settings and age groups.
• Effective IV therapy requires nurses to possess comprehensive clinical knowledge and technical proficiency.
• Vulnerable populations, such as older adults, necessitate specialized nursing care during IV procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an in-depth review of the anatomy and physiology of skin and veins relevant to IV therapy.
• To outline best practices for improving venous access, including cannula selection and insertion.
• To detail the recognition, prevention, and management of potential complications in older patients receiving IV therapy.

Main Methods:

• Review of anatomical and physiological principles of the skin and venous system.
• Discussion of evidence-based considerations for peripheral venous cannulation.
• Exploration of strategies for managing IV-related complications in the elderly.
• Examination of alternative drug and fluid administration routes.

Main Results:

• Understanding skin and vein anatomy is crucial for successful IV access.
• Proper cannula selection and insertion technique minimize complications.
• Vigilant monitoring and prompt management are key to addressing complications in older adults.
• Alternative routes offer viable options when peripheral IV access is challenging.

Conclusions:

• Nurses require specialized knowledge and skills for safe and effective intravenous therapy, particularly in older patients.
• Optimizing venous access and managing complications are critical components of geriatric IV care.
• Familiarity with alternative administration routes enhances patient care flexibility.