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Genogroup I avian picobirnavirus detected in Brazilian broiler chickens: a molecular epidemiology study

René Ribeiro Silva1, Delana Andreza Melo Bezerra2, Jane Haruko Lima Kaiano2

  • 1Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Avenida Almirante Barroso, Número 1234, CEP: 66093032, Lanagro, Belém/Pará, Brazil.

The Journal of General Virology
|October 11, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Avian picobirnavirus (AvPBV) was detected in Brazilian broiler chickens, showing significant genetic diversity. This study provides the first gene sequencing of AvPBV in Brazil, highlighting its heterogeneity.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Picobirnavirus (PBV) is a non-enveloped virus with a bisegmented dsRNA genome, belonging to the family Picobirnaviridae.
  • Avian picobirnaviruses (AvPBV) are known to infect poultry, but their genetic diversity in Brazil remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of Avian picobirnavirus (AvPBV) in broiler chicken farms in the Metropolitan Mesoregion of Belém (MMB), Pará, Brazil.
  • To perform the first gene sequencing of AvPBV in Brazilian broiler chickens.

Main Methods:

  • Collection and pooling of 85 fecal samples from poultry in 37 farms across MMB, Pará, Brazil.
  • Analysis of viral RNA using Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) and Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR).
  • Cloning and sequencing of positive samples to analyze the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene.

Main Results:

  • PAGE detected a positivity rate of 15.3% (13/85), while RT-PCR identified 49.4% (42/85) positive samples.
  • Sequencing revealed significant heterogeneity in the RdRp gene among detected AvPBV strains, ranging from 56.1% to 100% nucleotide identity with prototypes and 50.3% to 100% among themselves.
  • AvPBV strains detected in MMB broiler farms exhibited a heterogeneous genetic relationship with established prototypes.

Conclusions:

  • Avian picobirnavirus is prevalent in broiler farms in the Metropolitan Mesoregion of Belém, Pará, Brazil.
  • The study highlights considerable genetic diversity among Brazilian AvPBV strains, particularly in the RdRp gene.
  • This research presents the first gene sequencing of AvPBV in Brazilian broiler chickens, contributing valuable data to understanding avian picobirnavirus evolution and epidemiology.

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