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Related Concept Videos

Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
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Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

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Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...
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Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

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Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
5.0K
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

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Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
8.0K
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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In Vivo Quantification of Hip Arthrokinematics during Dynamic Weight-bearing Activities using Dual Fluoroscopy
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Quantitative study of knee joint surface configurations using a morpho-functional approach.

D Breton, V Burdin, J Leboucher

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |October 11, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a novel morpho-functional approach using CT scans to simulate knee flexion/extension kinematics. The developed tools, Figure and Index of Articular Coherence, assess joint motion and were validated by comparing Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction surgeries.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomechanics
    • Medical Imaging
    • Orthopedic Surgery

    Background:

    • Existing knee kinematics models lack integration with patient-specific morphology.
    • Accurate assessment of joint motion is crucial for evaluating surgical outcomes.
    • Current methods for joint state assessment are not universally applied.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel morpho-functional approach for simulating knee flexion/extension kinematics from a single CT scan.
    • To introduce quantitative tools, the Figure and Index of Articular Coherence, for assessing joint motion based on bone morphology.
    • To validate these tools by comparing different Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgical techniques.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a morpho-functional model to simulate knee kinematics from CT data.
    • Experimental validation of simulated kinematics against cadaveric data.
    • Creation and application of the Figure and Index of Articular Coherence to quantify joint motion and distances between bones.
    • Testing the tools' relevance in comparing outcomes of various ACL reconstruction surgeries.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed morpho-functional approach successfully simulates knee flexion/extension kinematics.
    • The Figure and Index of Articular Coherence provide quantitative assessments of joint state based on bone morphology.
    • These tools demonstrated relevance in differentiating outcomes between various ACL reconstruction techniques.

    Conclusions:

    • The morpho-functional approach offers a unique method for determining simulated knee kinematics from CT scans.
    • The Figure and Index of Articular Coherence are novel quantitative tools for assessing joint health and motion.
    • These tools hold potential for evaluating surgical interventions, particularly in ACL reconstruction.