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Cell attachment and viability on micro-arc-oxidation (MAO) microwave/hydrothermal treated titanium surface
Summary
Microwave/hydrothermal treatments enhance titanium surface properties, promoting better cell spreading for biomedical applications. These methods create nano-scale calcium phosphates, improving cell attachment compared to traditional micro-arc oxidation.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Surface Engineering
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Titanium's biocompatibility makes it ideal for implants.
- Surface modifications are crucial for improving osseointegration and cell response.
- Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is a common surface treatment for titanium.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate cell attachment and viability on micro-arc oxidation (MAO) and microwave/hydrothermal (MW/HT) treated titanium surfaces.
- To compare the effects of different MW/HT treatment solutions and conditions on titanium surface properties.
- To evaluate the biological response of MG63 cells to these modified titanium surfaces.
Main Methods:
- Titanium samples underwent micro-arc oxidation (MAO).
- Additional samples were treated using microwave irradiation (MW) in double-distilled water (MWDD) or a calcium phosphate solution (MWCP, MWCP9.6).
- Hydrothermal (HT) treatment was performed in double-distilled water at 250°C for 3 hours.
- Cell viability was assessed using WST assay, and cell attachment/spreading was quantified by counting adherent and spread cells.
Main Results:
- No significant difference in cell viability at 4 hours across all groups.
- After 1 day, cell viability followed the order: HT = MWDD = MWCP > MWCP9.6 > MAO.
- Cell numbers were comparable across groups, but cell spreading percentages were significantly higher on MWDD (75.7%), MWCP (69.9%), and MWCP9.6 (69.4%) compared to MAO (48.4%) and HT (41.5%) groups.
- MW treatments resulted in submicro- to nano-scale calcium phosphates on the titanium surface.
Conclusions:
- Microwave/hydrothermal treatments, particularly with specific solutions, significantly enhance MG63 cell spreading on titanium surfaces.
- These MW/HT methods create nano-scale calcium phosphate coatings that promote improved cell attachment and spreading compared to MAO and conventional HT treatments.
- The findings suggest that MW/HT treated titanium surfaces hold promise for enhanced biomedical implant performance due to improved cellular interactions.
