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Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development01:14

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The sensorimotor stage, the initial phase of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, spans the first two years of a child's life. During this period, infants actively engage with their surroundings, building cognitive awareness through direct interaction with the world. This interaction is primarily based on sensory perception and motor actions, allowing infants to gradually understand basic physical properties and predict how objects interact within their environment.
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A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
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Age-related changes in spreading activation during infancy.

Rachel Barr1, Joanne Walker, Julien Gross

  • 1Georgetown University.

Child Development
|October 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Infants show spreading activation, where recalling one memory helps recall another. This memory phenomenon develops with age, impacting how infants build memory networks.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Spreading activation explains how recalling one memory can trigger associated memories.
  • Understanding memory development in infancy is crucial for cognitive science.
  • Infant memory research offers insights into fundamental memory processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate spreading activation in infants aged 6, 12, and 18 months.
  • To examine how age influences the conditions under which spreading activation occurs.
  • To explore the development of mnemonic networks in early childhood.

Main Methods:

  • A total of 144 infants participated, learning two memory tasks: deferred imitation (DI) and visual recognition memory (VRM).
  • Infants completed both tasks within a single experimental session.

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  • The study analyzed how retrieval of DI memory affected VRM memory retrieval across different age groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Retrieval of deferred imitation (DI) memory facilitated visual recognition memory (VRM) retrieval at all tested ages (6, 12, and 18 months).
    • The specific conditions required for spreading activation to occur varied significantly with infant age.
    • Evidence suggests a developmental trajectory in the manifestation of spreading activation during infancy.

    Conclusions:

    • Spreading activation is present in infants, indicating early development of interconnected memory systems.
    • The findings highlight the dynamic nature of memory network development in infancy.
    • Studying infant memory provides valuable insights into general memory mechanisms and their evolution.