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Inducing Long-Term Plasticity of Intrinsic Neuronal Excitability in Neurons of the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
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Plasticity.

Classen Joseph1

  • 1Department of Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|October 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Noninvasive brain stimulation studies neuronal plasticity, primarily in the motor system. Direct verification via animal studies is needed to confirm findings related to synaptic plasticity mechanisms.

Keywords:
homeostatic plasticitymetaplasticitymotor learningpaired associative stimulationplasticityquadripulse stimulationtheta-burst stimulationtranscranial direct current stimulationtranscranial magnetic stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques are widely used to investigate neuronal plasticity.
  • Studies predominantly focus on the motor system due to its accessibility and detailed physiological study potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of NIBS in studying neuronal plasticity.
  • To highlight the reliance on motor cortex stimulation and evoked motor potentials for drawing general conclusions.
  • To discuss the mapping of NIBS-induced phenomena onto cellular mechanisms and the need for further validation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on noninvasive brain stimulation.
  • Analysis of studies utilizing transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the primary motor cortex.
  • Examination of parallels drawn between NIBS effects and cellular mechanisms like long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD).

Main Results:

  • NIBS, particularly TMS of the motor cortex, is a common tool for studying neuronal plasticity.
  • General conclusions about plasticity are often derived from motor evoked potentials.
  • Intriguing parallels exist between NIBS-induced phenomena and synaptic plasticity mechanisms (LTP/LTD).

Conclusions:

  • While NIBS offers insights into neuronal plasticity, current approaches have limitations.
  • The motor system is frequently studied due to physiological accessibility.
  • More direct verification of observed phenomena through animal studies is essential to confirm underlying physiological mechanisms.