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Related Concept Videos

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Comprehensive Analysis of Transcription Dynamics from Brain Samples Following Behavioral Experience
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Addiction.

Jodie Naim-Feil1, Abraham Zangen

  • 1Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Prahran, Victoria, Australia; Monash University, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|October 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel brain stimulation techniques show promise for treating drug and alcohol addiction. These methods, including transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation, may help rebalance neurotransmission affected by substance use disorders.

Keywords:
addictionaddiction-related researchaddiction-related treatmentcortical excitabilitytranscranial direct current stimulationtranscranial magnetic stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Drug and alcohol addiction is a complex disorder characterized by compulsive drug-seeking behaviors despite severe consequences.
  • Current addiction treatments targeting the brain's reward circuitry have limited success.
  • Altered neurotransmission in the mesocorticolimbic system is a key neurobiological feature of addiction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss novel nonsurgical brain stimulation techniques for addiction.
  • To explore the potential of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in addiction research and treatment.
  • To focus on applications for common drugs of abuse like nicotine, alcohol, cocaine, cannabis, and ecstasy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on brain stimulation techniques in addiction.
  • Discussion of neurobiological models of addiction and their relevance to brain stimulation.
  • Analysis of existing and potential applications of TMS and tDCS for various substances of abuse.

Main Results:

  • Nonsurgical brain stimulation techniques show promise for indexing altered neurotransmission in addiction.
  • TMS and tDCS may offer therapeutic potential for treating drug dependence and addiction-related behaviors.
  • Evidence suggests these techniques can target the mesocorticolimbic circuitry implicated in addiction.

Conclusions:

  • Novel brain stimulation techniques represent a promising avenue for addiction treatment.
  • TMS and tDCS offer potential new tools for studying and managing addiction.
  • Further research is warranted to optimize these techniques for clinical application in substance use disorders.