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Genetic variability of human respiratory syncytial virus in Pune, Western India

M L Choudhary1, S P Anand, B S Wadhwa

  • 1Influenza Group, National Institute of Virology, Pune, India.

Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases
|October 12, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes significant childhood respiratory infections. This study found RSV-B predominated in Western India from 2009-2012, with specific genotypes identified in circulating strains.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Pediatrics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute respiratory tract infections in children.
  • RSV is classified into two groups, RSV-A and RSV-B, based on the attachment glycoprotein (G) gene.
  • Infection with one RSV group does not provide immunity against the other, leading to potential reinfection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of RSV in children with influenza-like illness (ILI) or severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) in Western India.
  • To identify the predominant RSV groups and genotypes circulating during the study period (2009-2012).

Main Methods:

  • Conventional multiplex RT-PCR was used to detect RSV in 854 patient samples.
  • Phylogenetic analysis of the G gene was performed on positive RSV-A and RSV-B samples.
  • Genotyping was conducted to identify specific RSV genotypes, including novel variants.

Main Results:

  • RSV was detected in 18.61% of samples (159/854).
  • RSV-B (15.22%) was significantly more prevalent than RSV-A (3.39%), indicating RSV-B as the dominant circulating group.
  • Seasonal outbreaks occurred during monsoon and winter months.
  • RSV prevalence was higher in younger children (0-24 months).
  • RSV-A strains belonged to the NA1 and novel ON1 genotypes (with a 72-nucleotide duplication).
  • RSV-B strains primarily belonged to genotypes BA9 and BA12 (with a 60-nucleotide duplication), and one GB2 strain was identified.

Conclusions:

  • RSV-B was the predominant circulating group in Western India during 2009-2012.
  • Specific RSV genotypes, including novel ones with gene duplications, were identified.
  • Understanding RSV epidemiology and genetic diversity is crucial for developing effective control strategies.

Keywords:
Glycoprotein genePhylogenetic analysisRT-PCRRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

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