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Somatosensory Event-related Potentials from Orofacial Skin Stretch Stimulation

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Published on: December 18, 2015

Neuronal basis of speech comprehension.

Karsten Specht¹

¹Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway; Department for Medical Engineering, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.

Hearing Research

|October 12, 2013

Summary

Auditory speech comprehension integrates linguistic and non-linguistic information using a hierarchical network across brain lobes. This review highlights the dual-stream model, detailing dorsal and ventral stream functions in speech processing.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Science
Auditory Neuroscience

Background:

Auditory speech comprehension involves complex processing beyond simple sound perception.
It integrates linguistic and non-linguistic information, engaging specific brain regions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the functional-neuroanatomical basis of auditory speech comprehension.
To discuss structural and functional asymmetries in language networks.
To present evidence supporting the dual-stream model of speech comprehension.

Main Methods:

Review of structural and functional asymmetries in language-related brain structures.
Analysis of recent neuroimaging studies on speech comprehension.
Examination of functional asymmetry patterns between cerebral hemispheres.

Main Results:

Speech comprehension relies on a hierarchical network spanning temporal, parietal, and frontal lobes.
The dual-stream model is supported, with distinct dorsal (auditory-motor integration) and ventral (meaning extraction) pathways.
Specific functional asymmetries between the left and right hemispheres are evident.

Conclusions:

The dual-stream model provides a framework for understanding auditory speech comprehension.
Interactions between dorsal and ventral streams, including motor area involvement, are crucial.
Remaining questions regarding these complex interactions warrant further investigation.