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Management of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents

Vandana Jain1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute for Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India, drvandanajain@gmail.com.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|October 12, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) management in children presents challenges but offers improved lifestyle flexibility with modern therapies. Future breakthroughs include closed-loop systems and potential cures like cell transplants for better glycemic control.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1D) affects approximately 1 in 5000 Indian children.
  • Managing T1D involves significant treatment burdens, including injections, blood sugar monitoring, and risks of acute and long-term complications.
  • Optimal glycemic control necessitates balancing insulin, diet, and exercise, historically demanding strict lifestyle adherence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current ambulatory management of Type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents.
  • To discuss upcoming therapeutic advances in T1D treatment.

Main Methods:

  • This paper presents a review of existing literature and clinical practices.
  • It synthesizes information on current insulin regimens, delivery devices, and monitoring technologies.
  • It also explores emerging treatment modalities and future research directions.

Main Results:

  • Modern insulins, delivery devices, and monitoring tools allow for greater lifestyle flexibility compared to older regimens.
  • Significant lifestyle curtailment was associated with earlier T1D treatment approaches.
  • Advances are enhancing the ability to balance treatment demands with daily life.

Conclusions:

  • Ambulatory management of T1D in children has evolved, offering improved quality of life.
  • Future therapeutic breakthroughs, such as closed-loop systems and cell transplantation, promise even greater advancements.
  • Continued innovation is crucial for achieving better glycemic control and potential cures for T1D.

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