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Functional analysis screening for problem behavior maintained by automatic reinforcement.

Angie C Querim1, Brian A Iwata, Eileen M Roscoe

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The alone condition in functional analysis (FA) effectively screens for problem behavior. It accurately predicts whether behavior is maintained by automatic or social reinforcement, improving intervention efficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Psychology
  • Applied Behavior Analysis

Background:

  • Problem behavior is often maintained by automatic or social reinforcement.
  • Functional analysis (FA) is used to determine the maintaining consequences of behavior.
  • The 'alone' condition in FA may serve as an efficient screening tool.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of the alone condition as a screening procedure for identifying the function of problem behavior.
  • To compare predictions from the alone condition screening to outcomes from full functional analyses.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted 5-minute alone (no-interaction) probes for 30 cases of problem behavior.
  • Compared predictions from the alone probes to results from subsequent full functional analyses.

Main Results:

  • The alone condition accurately predicted automatic reinforcement in 21 of 22 cases.
  • The alone condition accurately predicted social reinforcement in 7 of 8 cases.
  • Overall, the screening procedure correctly identified the function of problem behavior in 28 out of 30 cases.

Conclusions:

  • The alone condition serves as an accurate and efficient screening tool for predicting the function of problem behavior.
  • This screening method can help differentiate between automatic and social reinforcement, guiding treatment selection.
  • Results support the use of alone probes to streamline the functional analysis process.