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Test-specific control conditions for functional analyses.

Tara A Fahmie1, Brian A Iwata, Angie C Querim

  • 1CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
|October 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) effectively controls problem behavior from positive reinforcement but not negative reinforcement. This suggests tailored control conditions are crucial for accurate functional analyses.

Keywords:
control conditionsfunctional analysispairwise design

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Area of Science:

  • Behavior Analysis
  • Applied Behavior Analysis
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Functional analyses of problem behavior commonly use play or noncontingent reinforcement as control conditions.
  • These standard controls aim to account for both positive and negative reinforcement.
  • However, test-specific conditions may offer more precise controls for each reinforcement type.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of different control conditions in functional analyses.
  • Specifically, to evaluate 'alone', 'ignore', 'play', and differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) conditions.
  • To determine their utility for problem behavior maintained by positive versus negative reinforcement.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study was conducted using four control conditions: alone, ignore, play, and DRO.
  • These conditions were assessed for individuals exhibiting problem behavior.
  • The problem behavior was previously identified as being maintained by either positive or negative reinforcement.

Main Results:

  • All tested conditions (alone, ignore, play, DRO) effectively controlled problem behavior maintained by positive reinforcement.
  • The differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) condition was consistently ineffective in controlling problem behavior maintained by negative reinforcement.
  • This highlights a differential effectiveness of control conditions based on the type of reinforcement maintaining the behavior.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that standard control conditions may not be universally applicable for all functional analyses.
  • Differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) is not a suitable control for problem behavior maintained by negative reinforcement.
  • Implications point towards the need for more tailored control conditions in functional analyses and suggest directions for future research.