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Proteomics

Proteomics

A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...

Cotranslational Protein Translocation

Cotranslational Protein Translocation

Translocation of proteins across membranes is an ancient process that occurs even in bacteria and archaebacteria. In fact, the components of the translocation machinery are still conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Dissection of Human Vitreous Body Elements for Proteomic Analysis

Dissection of Human Vitreous Body Elements for Proteomic Analysis

Published on: January 23, 2011

Translational vitreous proteomics.

Vinit B Mahajan¹, Jessica M Skeie

¹Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Omics Laboratory, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.

Proteomics. Clinical Applications

|October 12, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The vitreous, a poorly understood extracellular matrix, offers insights into ocular diseases. Advanced techniques reveal its constituents, aiding personalized therapeutic development for eye conditions.

Keywords:

Retina Vitrectomy Vitreoretinopathy Vitreous

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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Dissection of Human Vitreous Body Elements for Proteomic Analysis

Dissection of Human Vitreous Body Elements for Proteomic Analysis

Published on: January 23, 2011

Evisceration of Mouse Vitreous and Retina for Proteomic Analyses

Evisceration of Mouse Vitreous and Retina for Proteomic Analyses

Published on: April 3, 2011

Biobanking of Human Aqueous and Vitreous Liquid Biopsies for Molecular Analyses

Biobanking of Human Aqueous and Vitreous Liquid Biopsies for Molecular Analyses

Published on: September 11, 2023

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology and Molecular Biology
Extracellular Matrix Research

Background:

The vitreous humor, a key component of the eye, is an extracellular matrix whose composition and function are not fully elucidated.
Despite existing knowledge, ongoing research continues to uncover novel attributes of the vitreous.
Understanding the vitreous is crucial for advancing treatments for various ocular conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the molecular composition of the vitreous using advanced proteomic and bioinformatic approaches.
To identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets within the vitreous for ocular diseases.
To enhance the understanding of the vitreous extracellular matrix.

Main Methods:

Utilized protein arrays for high-throughput screening of vitreous components.
Employed Mass Spectrometry (MS) for detailed protein identification and quantification.
Applied bioinformatics tools for data analysis and interpretation of proteomic findings.

Main Results:

Identified a significant number of vitreous constituents, expanding the known molecular profile.
Revealed specific proteins and pathways implicated in ocular disease pathogenesis.
Demonstrated the potential of vitreous analysis for disease biomarker discovery.

Conclusions:

The vitreous matrix harbors substantial information relevant to understanding and treating ocular diseases.
Proteomic and bioinformatic analyses are powerful tools for vitreous research.
The findings support the development of personalized therapeutic strategies targeting the vitreous for eye conditions.