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Peri-Implant Strain in an In Vitro Model.

Souheil Hussaini¹, Tritala K Vaidyanathan², Abhinav P Wadkar²

¹1 Oral Implantology Research Institute, Dubai, UAE.

The Journal of Oral Implantology

|October 15, 2013

Summary

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This study found that peri-implant strain from dental implants, specifically using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) models, stayed within the bone remodeling range. This suggests that implant strain does not negatively impact crestal bone health under typical loading conditions.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Dental Implantology
Biomechanics

Background:

Crestal bone loss around dental implants is a significant clinical concern.
Understanding the biomechanical factors, such as peri-implant strain, is crucial for implant success.
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) models provide a controlled environment for in vitro biomechanical testing.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of peri-implant strain on crestal bone.
To compare strain levels associated with different dental implant superstructure types (cemented, 1-screw, 2-screw).
To determine if peri-implant strain exceeds the physiological range for bone remodeling.

Main Methods:

An in vitro experimental model using PMMA and screw-type implants was developed.

Keywords:

abutments bone strain dental implants microstrain strain gages stress shielding

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Strain gages were attached 1 mm from the resin-implant interface.

Three superstructure types were tested under axial occlusal loading (1 Hz, 200 N) using a mechanical testing system.

Main Results:

Strain gage data indicated that peri-implant strains did not exceed the physiological range (200-2500 με) for bone modeling and remodeling.
Approximately 25% of trials showed strain values below 200 με, a zone associated with bone atrophy.
The mean microstrain recorded across all tested conditions was 517.7 με.

Conclusions:

Peri-implant strain in this in vitro model remained within the physiological limits for bone remodeling.
The tested crown superstructures did not induce excessive strain on the crestal bone under axial loading.
These findings suggest that implant strain may not be a primary driver of crestal bone loss in this experimental setup.