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Aquagenic pruritus.

H K Steinman, M W Greaves

    Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
    |July 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Aquagenic pruritus (AP) causes severe, prickling skin discomfort upon water contact, often without visible lesions. Investigating polycythemia rubra vera is crucial for patients presenting with AP-like symptoms.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Clinical Medicine

    Background:

    • Aquagenic pruritus (AP) is a distressing condition causing severe itching upon water contact.
    • It is characterized by prickling, non-lesional skin discomfort triggered by water of any temperature.
    • Differential diagnosis is essential to exclude other causes of water-associated pruritus.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To detail the clinical characteristics of aquagenic pruritus.
    • To evaluate treatment efficacies for AP.
    • To highlight the association between AP and polycythemia rubra vera (PRV).

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective case series analysis of thirty-six patients with aquagenic pruritus.
    • Clinical data collection on onset, duration, and characteristics of pruritus.
    • Assessment of treatment outcomes for ultraviolet B phototherapy and oral antihistamines.

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  • Screening for polycythemia rubra vera in affected patients.

    • Main Results:

    • Skin discomfort occurred within minutes or after water exposure ceased in studied patients.
    • Pruritus was typically generalized, lasting an average of 40.6 minutes.
    • Significant relief was observed in 57% of patients treated with UVB phototherapy and 47% with antihistamines.
    • No increased prevalence of atopy was noted, but 33% reported a family history of water-related itching.

    Conclusions:

    • Aquagenic pruritus presents with distinct clinical features and variable onset after water contact.
    • UVB phototherapy and antihistamines offer partial to significant relief for some patients.
    • A crucial recommendation is to investigate for polycythemia rubra vera in patients with AP symptoms due to potential overlap.