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Related Concept Videos

Sound Intensity Level00:53

Sound Intensity Level

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Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and...
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Sound Intensity00:58

Sound Intensity

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The loudness of a sound source is related to how energetically the source is vibrating, consequently making the molecules of the propagation medium vibrate. To measure the loudness of a source, the physical quantity of interest is the intensity. This is defined as the energy emitted per unit of time per unit of area perpendicular to the sound wave's propagation direction. Since the total energy is greater if the source vibrates for a longer duration and over a larger area, dividing the...
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Echo01:06

Echo

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The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources.
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Difference from Background: Limit of Detection01:05

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The limit of detection (LOD) is the smallest amount of analyte that can be distinguished from the background noise. The LOD value corresponds to the concentration at which the analyte signal is three times larger than the standard deviation of the blank signal. Below this value, the analyte signal cannot be differentiated from the background noise. It is calculated by dividing the calibration slope by 3 times the standard deviation of the blank signals.
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Measuring up to speech intelligibility.

Nick Miller1

  • 1Institute of Health and Society, Speech and Language Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders
|October 15, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate speech intelligibility assessment is crucial for speech-language therapy. This review highlights the importance of explanatory, diagnostic testing and controlling variables for reliable and valid clinical decisions.

Keywords:
articulationassessmentintelligibilityspeech disordersspeech perception

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Area of Science:

  • Speech-language pathology
  • Clinical audiology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Speech intelligibility is a key goal in speech-language therapy for various conditions.
  • Measuring speech intelligibility is vital for clinical decision-making and monitoring interventions.
  • Current methods for assessing speech intelligibility lack consensus on what to measure and how.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the strengths and weaknesses of current clinical approaches to speech intelligibility assessment.
  • To emphasize the importance of explanatory, diagnostic testing for sensitive and informative evaluations.
  • To discuss variables affecting assessment validity and reliability.

Main Methods:

  • Review of selected clinical approaches to speech intelligibility assessment.
  • Analysis of signal-dependent and signal-independent factors in intelligibility evaluation.
  • Discussion of design, elicitation, transcription, and listener variables.

Main Results:

  • Explanatory, diagnostic testing offers a more sensitive and clinically informative method for assessing speech intelligibility.
  • Controlling key variables (design, elicitation, transcription, listener) is essential for maximizing assessment validity and reliability.
  • Reconciling signal-dependent and -independent perspectives can provide comprehensive insights.

Conclusions:

  • Wider implementation of best practices in speech intelligibility assessment is needed.
  • Standardized and validated methods are essential for effective clinical planning and monitoring.
  • Accurate assessment informs the clinical and educational significance of intelligibility levels.