A blood-based biomarker panel to detect acute stroke
Richa Sharma1, Stephanie Macy2, Kara Richardson2
1Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
Summary
A new 5-biomarker panel accurately differentiates ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and stroke mimics. This peripheral blood test aids in early stroke evaluation and management.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Biomarker Discovery
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Accurate differentiation of stroke types and mimics is crucial for timely and appropriate patient management.
- Current diagnostic methods can be resource-intensive and may not always be readily available in acute settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a peripheral biomarker test to distinguish between ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and stroke mimics.
- To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of a novel biomarker panel.
Main Methods:
- Serum samples from 167 patients with acute neurologic deficits were analyzed for 262 potential biomarkers.
- A multivariate Cox regression model identified a 5-biomarker panel (eotaxin, EGFR, S100A12, TIMP-4, prolactin).
- Model performance was assessed using C-index and net reclassification improvement (NRI).
Main Results:
- The 5-biomarker panel showed strong discriminative capacity: C-indices ranged from 0.82 to 0.93 for different comparisons.
- Incorporating the biomarker panel significantly improved classification accuracy compared to age, race, and gender alone (NRI up to 171%).
Conclusions:
- A 5-biomarker panel demonstrates significant potential as an adjunctive tool for early stroke diagnosis.
- This peripheral biomarker test could enhance the evaluation and management of patients presenting with stroke-like symptoms.
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