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Published on: May 19, 2020
[Prevention of serogroup B meningococcal disease using a four-component vaccine]
A Gil1, D Barranco2, J Batalla3
1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, España.
Introduction:
Meningococcal disease is an infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis, and those of serogroup B are currently the most predominant. It has been difficult to create effective vaccines for this serogroup in order to modify or reduce its morbidity. The aim of this study was to review existing data on the new vaccine 4CMenB and its potential contribution to the prevention of this infection.
Methods:
A panel of 12 experts (from Pediatrics, Public Health and Vaccinology) conducted a literature search and prioritized 74 publications. A review of the vaccine was then prepared, which was discussed in a meeting and subsequently validated by e-mail.
Results:
4CMenB vaccine, based on four components (NadA, fHbp, NHBA and OMVnz), was designed by reverse vaccinology. The Meningococcal Antigen Typing System (MATS) shows a potential of 70-80% coverage of the strains in Europe. Clinical trials show that the vaccine is safe and immunogenic in infants, children, adolescents, and adults, and induces an anamnestic response. The incidence of fever is similar to systemic vaccines administered alone, but higher when co-administered with them, although the fever pattern is predictable and self-limited. It is compatible with the Spanish routine vaccines, and can be administered simultaneously with the currently available hexavalent and pentavalent vaccines, as well as the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
Conclusions:
The 4CMenB vaccine is the only strategy currently available to prevent meningococcal disease caused by serogroup B.
Insights
The new 4CMenB vaccine offers a potential strategy against serogroup B meningococcal disease, a predominant infection. Clinical trials confirm its safety and immunogenicity across various age groups.
Area of Science:
- Vaccinology and Public Health
- Infectious Disease Prevention
- Reverse Vaccinology Applications
Context:
- Meningococcal disease, particularly serogroup B, remains a significant public health concern.
- Development of effective vaccines against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B has been challenging.
- The 4CMenB vaccine represents a novel approach to combatting this infection.
Purpose:
- To review existing data on the 4CMenB vaccine.
- To assess its potential contribution to preventing meningococcal infections.
- To evaluate its safety, immunogenicity, and compatibility with routine vaccinations.
Summary:
- The 4CMenB vaccine, developed using reverse vaccinology, targets four key meningococcal components.
- The Meningococcal Antigen Typing System (MATS) indicates broad European strain coverage (70-80%).
- Clinical trials demonstrate safety and immunogenicity in all age groups, inducing an anamnestic response. Fever incidence is manageable, especially when co-administered with routine vaccines.
Impact:
- 4CMenB is currently the sole available strategy for preventing serogroup B meningococcal disease.
- The vaccine is compatible with simultaneous administration with routine infant and child vaccines in Spain.
- Potential to significantly reduce morbidity associated with Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B.
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