Differential oscillatory electroencephalogram between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder subtypes and typically
Ali Mazaheri1, Catherine Fassbender2, Sharon Coffey-Corina3
1Academic Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Biological Psychiatry
|October 15, 2013
Summary
Electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillations reveal distinct neurophysiological differences in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) subtypes. These findings may aid in distinguishing ADHD subtypes and improving diagnoses.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Psychology
- Clinical Psychology
Background:
- A neurobiological classification for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) subtypes is currently lacking.
- Investigating electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillations can reveal neurophysiological differences between typically developing (TD) adolescents and those with predominantly inattentive (IA) or combined (CB) ADHD subtypes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate neurophysiological differences between TD adolescents and IA and CB ADHD subtypes using EEG.
- To examine oscillatory changes related to cue processing, motor preparation, and top-down control.
Main Methods:
- EEG was recorded from 57 adolescents (12-17 years) performing a cued flanker task.
- Oscillatory changes in theta, alpha, and beta EEG bands were analyzed post-cue.
Main Results:
- The IA group exhibited reduced postcue alpha suppression, indicating impaired visual cue processing.
- The CB group showed less beta suppression, suggesting deficits in motor planning.
- Both ADHD subtypes displayed weak frontal theta and posterior alpha connectivity, pointing to impaired top-down control.
Conclusions:
- Distinct and common neurophysiological impairments were identified in ADHD subtypes.
- Task-induced EEG oscillation changes offer an objective measure for differentiating ADHD subtypes.
- These findings may assist in ADHD diagnosis and treatment evaluation.
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