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The effectiveness of multimedia visual perceptual training groups for the preschool children with developmental delay
Yi-Nan Chen1, Chin-Kai Lin, Ta-Sen Wei
1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanxiao St., Changhua City, Changhua County 500, Taiwan.
Insights
Multimedia visual perceptual group training significantly improved visual perception in preschoolers with developmental delays more than individual training or paper-based methods. All interventions showed benefits over no training.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Educational Psychology
- Rehabilitation Therapy
Background:
- Preschool children with developmental delays often exhibit visual perceptual deficits.
- Early intervention is crucial for addressing these delays and supporting cognitive development.
- Effectiveness of different training modalities for visual perception requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of three visual perceptual training programs for preschool children with developmental delays.
- To determine if multimedia group, multimedia individual, or paper-based group training is most effective.
- To establish a baseline for future research in early intervention for visual perception.
Main Methods:
- A true experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group was utilized.
- Sixty-four children aged 4-6 with developmental delays were randomized into four groups: multimedia group, multimedia individual, paper group, and control.
- Interventions involved 40-minute sessions weekly for 14 weeks, with the Test of Visual Perception Skills, 3rd edition, used for assessment.
Main Results:
- All three training programs yielded significant pre- and post-test improvements in visual perception.
- Multimedia group training demonstrated superior effectiveness compared to multimedia individual and paper-based group training.
- Multimedia visual perceptual training (both group and individual) showed effects greater than developmental changes alone.
Conclusions:
- Multimedia visual perceptual group training is a highly effective intervention for enhancing visual perception in young children with developmental delays.
- Both multimedia and paper-based approaches offer benefits, but multimedia group training provides the most significant improvements.
- These findings support the integration of targeted multimedia interventions in early childhood special education programs.
Abstract:
This study compared the effectiveness of three approaches to improving visual perception among preschool children 4-6 years old with developmental delays: multimedia visual perceptual group training, multimedia visual perceptual individual training, and paper visual perceptual group training. A control group received no special training. This study employed a pretest-posttest control group of true experimental design. A total of 64 children 4-6 years old with developmental delays were randomized into four groups: (1) multimedia visual perceptual group training (15 subjects); (2) multimedia visual perceptual individual training group (15 subjects); paper visual perceptual group training (19 subjects); and (4) a control group (15 subjects) with no visual perceptual training. Forty minute training sessions were conducted once a week for 14 weeks. The Test of Visual Perception Skills, third edition, was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention. Paired-samples t-test showed significant differences pre- and post-test among the three groups, but no significant difference was found between the pre-test and post-test scores among the control group. ANOVA results showed significant differences in improvement levels among the four study groups. Scheffe post hoc test results showed significant differences between: group 1 and group 2; group 1 and group 3; group 1 and the control group; and group 2 and the control group. No significant differences were reported between group 2 and group 3, and group 3 and the control group. The results showed all three therapeutic programs produced significant differences between pretest and posttest scores. The training effect on the multimedia visual perceptual group program and the individual program was greater than the developmental effect Both the multimedia visual perceptual group training program and the multimedia visual perceptual individual training program produced significant effects on visual perception. The multimedia visual perceptual group training program was more effective for improving visual perception than was multimedia visual perceptual individual training program. The multimedia visual perceptual group training program was more effective than was the paper visual perceptual group training program.
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