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Molecular events on tooth socket healing in diabetic rabbits
Wasan Hamdi Younis1, Natheer H Al-Rawi, Mohamed Abdul-Hameed Mohamed
1College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq.
The British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
|October 16, 2013
Summary
Untreated diabetes prolongs tooth socket healing by altering growth factor expression. Insulin treatment in diabetic rabbits restored normal healing by regulating transforming growth factor beta-3 (TGFβ-3) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) levels.
Area of Science:
- Oral surgery
- Diabetology
- Tissue regeneration
Background:
- Extraction socket healing involves complex cellular repair regulated by signaling molecules.
- Growth factors like TGF-β, VEGF, BMP, and IGF are crucial for tissue repair.
- Diabetes can impair wound healing processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of diabetes on tooth socket healing in rabbits.
- To examine the expression of key growth factors during socket healing in diabetic and non-diabetic states.
- To evaluate the effect of insulin treatment on healing in diabetic rabbits.
Main Methods:
- Extraction of lower incisors in 48 rabbits divided into control, untreated diabetic, and insulin-treated diabetic groups.
- Immunohistochemical analysis of TGFβ-3, VEGF, IGF-1R, and BMP-4 expression at 2, 10, 20, and 30 days post-extraction.
- Comparison of healing markers across the three experimental groups.
Main Results:
- Untreated diabetic rabbits showed reduced TGFβ-3 and increased IGF-1R expression compared to controls.
- Elevated IGF-1R expression correlated with prolonged healing times in untreated diabetic rabbits.
- Delayed cell proliferation and osteoblast differentiation were observed in untreated diabetic rabbits.
Conclusions:
- Diabetes significantly delays tooth socket healing, primarily due to altered TGFβ-3 and IGF-1R expression.
- Insulin treatment effectively normalized TGFβ-3 and IGF-1R expression, accelerating socket healing in diabetic rabbits.
- Targeting these signaling pathways may improve healing outcomes in diabetic patients.
