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Mushroom immunomodulators: unique molecules with unlimited applications
Hesham A El Enshasy1, Rajni Hatti-Kaul
1Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81130 UTM, Skudai, Malaysia; City of Scientific Research and Technology Application, New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
Trends in Biotechnology
|October 16, 2013
Summary
Mushroom immunomodulators, including lectins, terpenoids, proteins, and polysaccharides, are increasingly important in immunotherapy. Industrial submerged cultivation enhances yield and reduces costs for these valuable bioactive compounds.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
Background:
- Mushrooms have a long history of use in traditional medicine and cuisine.
- Recent research has identified numerous bioactive compounds in mushrooms, particularly immunomodulators.
- The growing field of immunotherapy has increased interest in mushroom-derived immunomodulators.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of mushroom immunomodulators.
- To explore their chemical classifications, industrial production methods, and diverse applications.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on mushroom immunomodulators.
- Analysis of chemical structures and properties of immunomodulatory compounds.
- Evaluation of industrial cultivation techniques, specifically submerged culture.
- Survey of applications in medical and non-medical fields.
Main Results:
- Mushroom immunomodulators are diverse, falling into four main chemical categories: lectins, terpenoids, proteins, and polysaccharides.
- Submerged cultivation offers advantages for industrial production, including increased yield, reduced processing time, and lower costs.
- These compounds have potential applications in both therapeutic and non-therapeutic sectors.
Conclusions:
- Mushroom immunomodulators represent a promising area for bioactive compound development.
- Optimized industrial production through submerged culture is key to harnessing their potential.
- Further research into their chemistry and applications can drive innovation in immunotherapy and beyond.
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