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Updated: May 6, 2026

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How do tablet properties influence swallowing behaviours?

Shinya Yamamoto1, Hiroshige Taniguchi, Hirokazu Hayashi

  • 1Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.

The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
|October 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Tablet swallowing behavior is influenced by tablet size, number, and coating. Larger, uncoated, or multiple tablets increase swallowing effort and residue, impacting medication administration for patients with swallowing difficulties.

Keywords:
dysphagiaelectromyogramhumanswallowtablet

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Area of Science:

  • Oral drug delivery and pharmaceutical sciences.
  • Swallowing physiology and biomechanics.
  • Clinical audiology and speech-language pathology.

Background:

  • Effective tablet swallowing is crucial for oral medication efficacy.
  • Understanding factors influencing tablet transport is essential for patient care.
  • Dysphagia significantly complicates medication management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of tablet characteristics on swallowing performance.
  • To analyze the effects of tablet size, number, and coating on swallowing mechanics.
  • To establish baseline swallowing patterns in healthy adults for comparison with dysphagic patients.

Main Methods:

  • Four tablet types were prepared: varying in size (small/large) and surface coating (coated/uncoated).
  • Fourteen healthy adult males swallowed 1-3 tablets with 15 ml water.
  • Swallowing was assessed using electromyography of suprahyoid muscles and videofluorography.

Main Results:

  • Tablet size, number, and coating significantly altered swallowing performance.
  • Increased tablet size and number led to more swallows, with larger electromyographic burst areas and durations.
  • Uncoated tablets required more swallowing effort compared to coated tablets, with residue primarily remaining in the mouth.

Conclusions:

  • This study characterized normal tablet swallowing patterns under various conditions.
  • Findings provide a foundation for evaluating and managing medication intake in individuals with dysphagia.
  • Understanding these parameters can inform strategies for optimizing drug delivery in clinical practice.