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Related Experiment Videos

Does capsaicin cause reflex bronchospasm in guinea-pigs?

D F Biggs, V Goel

    European Journal of Pharmacology
    |September 10, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Capsaicin causes bronchospasm in guinea pigs via a non-reflex mechanism, unlike in other species. This effect is dose-dependent and can lead to tachyphylaxis, but is not mediated by central nervous system afferent receptors.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Respiratory Physiology

    Background:

    • Capsaicin is known to activate sensory nerves and can induce bronchospasm.
    • The mechanisms underlying capsaicin-induced respiratory effects, particularly in guinea pigs, require further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the mechanism of capsaicin-induced bronchospasm in guinea pigs.
    • To determine if capsaicin's effects are mediated by a centrally mediated reflex arc or directly on the airways.

    Main Methods:

    • Intravenous and intra-arterial administration of capsaicin in anesthetized guinea pigs.
    • Assessment of pulmonary-flow resistance and dynamic thoracic elastance.
    • Evaluation of responses after surgical denervation, autonomic blockade, and administration of opioid antagonists and substance P antagonists.

    Main Results:

    • Capsaicin induced dose-dependent increases in pulmonary-flow resistance and thoracic elastance, with tachyphylaxis at higher doses.
    • These responses were unaffected by vagotomy, glossopharyngealotomy, or autonomic blockers, suggesting a lack of central reflex involvement.
    • Morphine reduced capsaicin responses, but naloxone did not reverse this effect.
    • Specific substance P antagonists differentially affected capsaicin- and substance P-induced responses, indicating a role for substance P.

    Conclusions:

    • Capsaicin induces bronchospasm in guinea pigs through a mechanism independent of central afferent receptor stimulation and reflex pathways.
    • The findings suggest a direct effect on airway smooth muscle or local mechanisms, potentially involving substance P release.

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