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Quantifying assemblage turnover and species contributions at ecologic boundaries.

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New indices, assemblage turnover index (ATI) and conditioned-on-boundary index (CoBI), quantify subtle community changes. These tools reveal glacial-interglacial contrasts in deep-sea foraminiferal assemblages, aiding sequence stratigraphy.

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Area of Science:

  • Paleoceanography and Marine Geology
  • Quantitative Paleoecology
  • Sequence Stratigraphy

Background:

  • Stratigraphic and geographic boundaries are not always defined by distinct species-level community shifts.
  • Paleodata can exhibit subtle variations in species proportional abundances between glacial and interglacial periods, rather than clear contrasts.
  • Identifying these subtle changes is crucial for understanding past environmental dynamics and stratigraphic boundaries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate two novel quantitative indices: the assemblage turnover index (ATI) and the conditioned-on-boundary index (CoBI).
  • To assess glacial/interglacial contrasts in benthonic foraminiferal assemblages at abyssal depths using these new indices.
  • To evaluate the potential of ATI and CoBI as sequence stratigraphic tools in deep-sea deposits.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the assemblage turnover index (ATI) based on changes in species' proportional abundances.
  • Development of the conditioned-on-boundary index (CoBI) to identify species' contributions to total assemblage turnover.
  • Application of ATI and CoBI to benthonic foraminiferal data from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 994C on the Blake Ridge.

Main Results:

  • The developed indices, ATI and CoBI, successfully quantify subtle community changes and glacial/interglacial contrasts.
  • Peaks in ATI values often coincide with glacial terminations, defining peak-bounded ATI intervals (PATIs).
  • These PATIs approximate glacial terminations and transgressions at shallower depths, demonstrating stratigraphic utility.

Conclusions:

  • The ATI and CoBI indices are effective quantitative tools for identifying community change and paleoecological boundaries.
  • These measures show significant potential for application as sequence stratigraphic tools in abyssal environments.
  • The methodology is adaptable for evaluating assemblage turnover and composition across various defined ecological or paleoecological boundaries.